| Citation | Albritton SE, Kranz AL, Rao P, Kramer M, Dieterich C, Ercan S. Sex-biased gene expression and evolution of the x chromosome in nematodes. Genetics, 2014. |
| PubMed ID | 24793291 |
| Short Description | Sex-biased gene expression and evolution of the x chromosome in nematodes. GEO Record: N.A. Platform: N.A. Download gene-centric, log2 transformed data: WBPaper00045232.ce.rs.csv |
| # of Conditions | 8 |
Full Description
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Studies of X chromosome evolution in various organisms have indicated that sex-biased genes are nonrandomly distributed between the X and autosomes. Here, to extend these studies to nematodes, we annotated and analyzed X chromosome gene content in four Caenorhabditis species and in Pristionchus pacificus. Our gene expression analyses comparing young adult male and female mRNA-seq data indicate that, in general, nematode X chromosomes are enriched for genes with high female-biased expression and depleted of genes with high male-biased expression. Genes with low sex-biased expression do not show the same trend of X chromosome enrichment and depletion. Combined with the observation that highly sex-biased genes are primarily expressed in the gonad, differential distribution of sex-biased genes reflects differences in evolutionary pressures linked to tissue-specific regulation of X chromosome transcription. Our data also indicate that X dosage imbalance between males (XO) and females (XX) is influential in shaping both expression and gene content of the X chromosome. Predicted upregulation of the single male X to match autosomal transcription (Ohno's hypothesis) is supported by our observation that overall transcript levels from the X and autosomes are similar for highly expressed genes. However, comparison of differentially located one-to-one orthologs between C. elegans and P. pacificus indicates lower expression of X-linked orthologs, arguing against X upregulation. These contradicting observations may be reconciled if X upregulation is not a global mechanism but instead acts locally on a subset of tissues and X-linked genes that are dosage sensitive. Experimental Details: RNASeq.elegans.WBStrain00000001.WBls:0000063.Male.WBbt:0007833.SRP034667.SRX397084 RNASeq.elegans.WBStrain00000001.WBls:0000063.Male.WBbt:0007833.SRP034667.SRX397085 RNASeq.elegans.WBStrain00000001.WBls:0000063.Male.WBbt:0007833.SRP034667.SRX397086 RNASeq.elegans.WBStrain00000001.WBls:0000063.Male.WBbt:0007833.SRP034667.SRX397087 RNASeq.elegans.WBStrain00000001.WBls:0000063.Female.WBbt:0007833.SRP034667.SRX397088 RNASeq.elegans.WBStrain00000001.WBls:0000063.Female.WBbt:0007833.SRP034667.SRX397089 RNASeq.elegans.WBStrain00000001.WBls:0000063.Female.WBbt:0007833.SRP034667.SRX397090 RNASeq.elegans.WBStrain00000001.WBls:0000063.Female.WBbt:0007833.SRP034667.SRX397091. |
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